Vlieland is relatively small. It is 20 km long and less than 2 km wide.
Vlieland’s landscape consists mainly of sand dunes alternated with deciduous and evergreen forests. The majority of the sand dunes are vegetated by tall grass species; yellow and brown hues dominate in the fall.
The woods are comprised predominately of Austrian and Corsican pine trees. Spruce firs and alders have been planted in the wetter parts of the forest. Deciduous trees such as oak, birch, alder and maple give the forest an attractive, varied look.